overview

With this module, we begin our journey into the world of Virtual and Augmented Reality by exploring the foundational concepts and definitions that underpin these emerging technologies. We will examine what VR and AR truly mean—from the idea of achieving a "perfect VR" to how sensory stimuli are simulated to create convincing alternative realities. A central theme of our discussion will be the concept of suspension of disbelief, a critical factor in achieving immersion, where users are so engaged that they begin to perceive the virtual as real.

Finally, we will trace the historical development of VR/AR, starting with pioneering work in the 1960s, including Sutherland’s revolutionary head-mounted display, and progressing to modern consumer technologies like the Oculus Rift and HTC Vive. In parallel, we will explore the evolving characterizations of VR—from its hardware-centric foundations to its role in natural human-computer interaction—and compare these with AR’s ability to blend virtual content with the real world. We will conclude with an overview of the system components and architectures that make up VR/AR platforms, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding how these immersive environments are designed and implemented.

Learning Outcomes

Define VR and AR and articulate the concept of a "perfect VR."
Identify and discuss the main motivations for building VR/AR systems, including their applications in training, data visualization, natural user interfaces, and entertainment.
Analyze technology-centered characterizations of VR, including key hardware components such as head-mounted displays, tracking systems, and stereoscopic displays.
Evaluate the mental aspects of VR experiences, including presence and immersion, and how these influence user perception.
Distinguish between VR and AR by describing the unique features of AR, such as real-time registration and the integration of virtual content with the real world.
Trace the historical development of VR/AR from its early pioneering work in the 1960s to modern consumer technologies.
Outline the fundamental system components and architectures of VR and AR platforms, including input devices, output devices, and simulation models.